Cough

Common causes

• Common cold, flu-like illness or COVID-like infections.
• Allergy, asthma or smoke exposure.
• Chest infection, pneumonia or tuberculosis.
• Acid reflux or post-nasal drip.
• Air pollution and indoor cooking smoke.

What to expect at your consultation

• A clinician may ask how long the cough has lasted and whether there is fever, phlegm, blood or weight loss.
• Chest examination and oxygen check may be done.
• Chest X-ray or sputum tests may be advised for persistent cough or TB warning signs.

Looking after yourself

• Drink safe fluids and rest if symptoms are mild.
• Avoid smoke, dust and strong fumes where possible.
• Cover coughs and consider a mask around others, especially with fever.

Frequently asked questions

When is cough serious?

Cough is more concerning with breathing trouble, chest pain, blood, high fever, weight loss, night sweats or a duration over 3 weeks.

Can TB cause cough?

Yes. A cough lasting more than 3 weeks, especially with weight loss or night sweats, should be checked for TB and other causes.

Can pollution cause cough?

Yes. Dust, smoke and air pollution can irritate the airways and worsen cough.

Which doctor should I see for cough?

A general physician can assess most coughs. A pulmonologist is helpful for persistent cough, breathing issues or possible lung disease.